Ibipimo byo kumurika umuhanda

Amatara yo kumuhandaigira uruhare runini mu kurinda umutekano n’imikorere ya sisitemu yo gutwara abantu. Mugihe imijyi yagutse mubunini kandi ubwinshi bwimodoka bugenda bwiyongera, gukenera kumurika umuhanda neza biragaragara. Ariko, ishyirwa mubikorwa ryamatara yo kumuhanda ntabwo arenze gushyira amatara gusa; Harimo kubahiriza ibipimo byashyizweho byo kumurika umuhanda uyobora igishushanyo, gushiraho no gufata neza sisitemu. Iyi ngingo irareba byimbitse akamaro ko kumurika umuhanda, ibipimo bigenga itara ryumuhanda, ningaruka aya mahame agira kumutekano rusange no gutunganya imijyi.

Akamaro ko kumurika umuhanda

Amatara yo kumuhanda afite ibikorwa byinshi byibanze. Ubwa mbere, itezimbere kugaragara kubashoferi, abanyamaguru nabatwara amagare, bikagabanya impanuka zijoro cyangwa mubihe bito. Imihanda yaka neza irashobora kugabanya cyane impanuka zo kugongana, bigatuma imihanda itekanye kubakoresha bose. Byongeye kandi, itara ryiza rishobora gukumira ubugizi bwa nabi kubera ko ahantu hacanye neza hatakurura abashobora kuba abanyabyaha.

Byongeye kandi, amatara yo kumuhanda agira uruhare mubwiza rusange bwibidukikije. Amatara yateguwe neza arashobora kwerekana ibiranga imyubakire, kuzamura ibidukikije byahantu hahurira abantu benshi kandi bigatera imyumvire yabaturage. Mugihe imijyi iharanira kurushaho kubaho neza kandi ishimishije, uruhare rwamatara kumuhanda mugushushanya imijyi ntirushobora kwirengagizwa.

Ibipimo byo kumurika umuhanda: Incamake

Kugira ngo amatara yo mu muhanda akore neza kandi afite umutekano, amashyirahamwe nka Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) hamwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’abanyamerika ry’abayobozi bashinzwe imihanda n’ubwikorezi (AASHTO) batezimbere ibipimo. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bitanga ubuyobozi kubintu byinshi byo kumurika umuhanda, harimo:

Urwego rwo kumurika:

Igipimo cyerekana urwego ntarengwa rwo kumurika rusabwa kubwoko butandukanye bwimihanda. Kurugero, umuhanda urashobora gusaba urwego rwo kumurika kuruta umuhanda utuye. Intego nuguha umushoferi kugaragara bihagije mugihe ugabanya urumuri.

2. Guhuriza hamwe:

Guhuriza hamwe bivuga no gukwirakwiza urumuri kumuhanda. Igipimo cyerekana igipimo cyemewe cyo kugereranya no kumurika byibuze kugirango hamenyekane ko nta hantu hijimye cyane cyangwa hakeye cyane, byatera urujijo umushoferi bikongera ibyago byimpanuka.

3. Ubushyuhe bw'amabara:

Ubushyuhe bwamabara yo kumurika kumuhanda bugira ingaruka no kugaragara. Ibipimo bikunze gusaba ubushyuhe bwihariye bwamabara kugirango wongere itandukaniro kandi utezimbere kugaragara udateye umushoferi nabi.

4. Gushyira urumuri hamwe nuburebure:

Gushyira hamwe nuburebure bwibikoresho byo kumurika nibyingenzi kugirango ugere kumuri mwiza. Igipimo gitanga ubuyobozi ku burebure bwa pole n'uburebure bwa luminaire kugirango habeho gukwirakwiza urumuri kumuhanda.

5. Gukoresha ingufu:

Mugihe abantu bagenda bahangayikishwa no gukoresha ingufu ningaruka ku bidukikije, ibipimo bigenda byibanda ku kamaro ko gukemura ibibazo bitanga ingufu. Ibi birimo gukoresha tekinoroji ya LED, ifite igihe kirekire kandi ikoresha ingufu nke kuruta uburyo bwo gucana gakondo.

Ingaruka zo kumurika umuhanda

Kubahiriza ibipimo byo kumurika umuhanda bifite ingaruka zikomeye kumutekano rusange, igishushanyo mbonera cyumujyi no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Shimangira umutekano rusange

Mugukurikiza ibipimo byashyizweho, amakomine arashobora gukora imihanda itekanye igabanya ibyago byimpanuka. Imihanda yaka neza ituma abashoferi babona ingaruka zishobora kubaho, nk'abanyamaguru, abanyamagare n'ibimenyetso by'umuhanda, hakiri kare. Ubu buryo bwibikorwa byumutekano birashobora kugabanya cyane impanuka nijoro, amaherezo bikiza ubuzima kandi bikagabanya ibikomere.

Shigikira igishushanyo mbonera

Ibipimo byo kumurika umuhanda nabyo bigira uruhare runini mugutegura imijyi. Mugihe imijyi ikura kandi igatera imbere, abategura bagomba gutekereza uburyo itara rihuye nigishushanyo mbonera cyahantu rusange. Kumurika neza birashobora kunoza imikoreshereze ya parike, inzira nyabagendwa hamwe n’ahantu hatwara abantu, gushishikariza abantu benshi kwitabira ibikorwa rusange. Byongeye kandi, ahantu hacanye neza hashobora kongera agaciro k'umutungo no gukurura ubucuruzi, bityo bikazamura iterambere ry'ubukungu.

Guteza imbere iterambere rirambye ryibidukikije

Mubihe aho kuramba ari byo byihutirwa, ibipimo byo kumurika umuhanda bikomeza kugenda bihinduka kugirango biteze imbere igisubizo kibika ingufu. Guhindura amatara ya LED ntabwo bigabanya ingufu zikoreshwa gusa, ahubwo binagabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga kuva ibyo bikoresho bimara igihe kirekire. Byongeye kandi, ibipimo bishishikariza gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryamatara yubwenge, nkumucyo uhuza n’imihindagurikire y’imiterere y’imodoka, bishobora kurushaho kunoza ingufu no kugabanya umwanda.

Inzitizi mu gushyira mu bikorwa ibipimo byo kumurika umuhanda

Nubwo inyungu zigaragara zo gukurikiza ibipimo byo kumurika umuhanda, ibibazo byo kubishyira mu bikorwa biracyahari. Inzitizi zingengo yimari zirashobora kugabanya ubushobozi bwamakomine gushora imari murwego rwo hejuru rumurika. Byongeye kandi, umuvuduko wihuse witerambere ryikoranabuhanga bivuze ko ibipimo bigomba gukomeza guhinduka kugirango bigendane nibisubizo bishya hamwe nibikorwa.

Byongeye kandi, inzego z'ibanze naba rwiyemezamirimo akenshi babura ubumenyi cyangwa gusobanukirwa aya mahame. Uburezi n'amahugurwa ni ngombwa kugirango abashinzwe gutegura no gushyiraho uburyo bwo kumurika umuhanda bamenyereye ibipimo bigezweho nibikorwa byiza.

Mu gusoza

Amatara yo kumuhanda nikintu cyingenzi cya sisitemu yo gutwara abantu neza kandi neza. Mugukurikiza ibyashizwehoibipimo byo kumurika umuhanda, amakomine arashobora guteza imbere umutekano rusange, gushyigikira ibikorwa byo gutunganya imijyi no guteza imbere ibidukikije. Mugihe imijyi ikomeje kwiyongera no gutera imbere, akamaro ko kumurika kumuhanda bizagenda byiyongera. Abafatanyabikorwa bagomba gushyira imbere gushyira mu bikorwa aya mahame kugirango bashireho umutekano, abaturage bafite imbaraga kuri bose.